Republic of China; Taiwan Updates; China Taiwan

The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia comprising the island of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and other minor islands, which are located off the east coast of China. Neighboring countries include the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the west, Japan to the north-east, and the Philippines to the south.

The Republic of China was established in 1912 and used to encompass much of mainland China and Mongolia. At the end of World War II, with the surrender of Japan, the Republic of China added the island groups of Taiwan and Penghu to its jurisdiction. When the Kuomintang (KMT), the Chinese Nationalist Party at the head of the ROC, lost the civil war to the Communist Party in 1949, the ROC government relocated to Taiwan and established Taipei as its temporary capital declaring the ROC still to be the legitimate Chinese government-in-exile while the Communists founded the People's Republic of China in mainland China. Taiwan, and other minor islands, then became the extent of the Republic of China's authority.

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